The IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole, in operation since 2011, has opened a new window to the high-energy Universe. It has discovered a flux of energetic neutrinos from the cosmos as well as found first evidence for the sources of these neutrinos, ranging from Active Galaxies to our own Milky Way. The scientific collaboration behind IceCube is now proposing IceCube-Gen2, a uniquely capable observatory that is optimized to elevate neutrino astronomy from the discovery realm to a full-fledged astronomical discipline. At the same time, the project will probe fundamental physics in a unique way. After an introduction into high-energy neutrino astronomy, I will present the latest results from IceCube and discuss what to expect from the next generation detectors, IceCube Upgrade currently under construction, as well as the future IceCube-Gen2.